roof with asphalt shingles on a 2 story roof with chimney). It’s also important to ensure that there isn’t anything in the attic except lots of insulation and air—not the Christmas decorations, not the tuxedo you wore on your wedding day, nothing. It’s also an unbelievable energy waste no matter where you live. Unvented assemblies work particularly well on complex roofs that would be difficult or impossible to vent properly or on roofs where it would be difficult to insulate properly if the roof were vented. Option 1: Insulate below the roof The most conventional approach to insulating a roof is to put all the insulation below the roof deck. This is easy to accomplish in simply constructed roofs and difficult, if not impossible, to accomplish in roofs that have hips, valleys, dormers, or skylights that interrupt the rafter bays. in. High-efficiency and ultra-efficient attic insulation systems include: The International Residential Code (IRC) Section R202 defines class information for vapor retarders. The exception is hot-dry climates such as in Phoenix, where condensation isn’t as big an issue. It’s hard to screw up this approach. chute or baffle. Also pay attention to roofing materials. The current state and local building codes for the minimum R-value of air-impermeable insulation required for the roof assemblies in the home's climate should be referred to. Ductwork should be sealed and tested for air leakage. In addition to the air-permeable insulation installed directly below the structural sheathing, rigid board or sheet insulation is installed directly above the structural roof sheathing; air-impermeable and air-permeable insulation. For lower cost restoration of large-flat roof buildings, we suggest a Fluid Applied on Built-Up … For a cost effective quality foam roof recoat, we recommend UltraShield acrylic elastomeric roof coating. Low-density, open-cell foam is permissible, but in climate zones 5 and above, it has to be covered with a vapor-retarder coating, like rigid foam or painted drywall. Finally, in wildfire zones, floating embers can enter the vents and cause roof fires. (See “Attic-Insulation Upgrade” in FHB #200.) Attic space can be used for storage, but only if you build an elevated platform above the insulation. Metal roof costs are typically around the same as asphalt roofs. ... .3 Vent and insulation clearance. That can be a pain, but you won’t run into the problems associated with having too little air circulating under the roof. deep. No interior Class I vapor retarders (e.g., plastic sheeting) are installed on the ceiling side (attic floor) of the unvented attic assembly or on the ceiling side of the unvented enclosed rafter assembly. Flash-and-batt (or flash-fill) assemblies are also allowed. The success of this approach hinges on the ceiling of the top level of the house being absolutely airtight before any insulation is installed. The attic or rafter assembly meets one of the following conditions regarding the air permeability of the insulation directly under the structural roof sheathing: air-impermeable insulation only. and provides certification to help you stand out from the crowd. A key benefit of venting the attic is that the approach is the same regardless of how creative your architect got with the roof. Researchers who have studied cathedral ceiling ventilation recommend 10-20 sq. Views: 234832 A vent space clearance of at least 1” must be maintained at the location of the vent and between insulation and roof sheathing. Become a member and get instant access to thousands of videos, how-tos, tool reviews, and design features. Duct-sealing is faith-based work. The approach also remedies thermal-bridging issues. The code also allows for air-permeable insulation, such as fiberglass or cellulose, to be used under the roof deck as long as rigid foam is used above the roof sheathing. Inspect the roof assembly to ensure it has proper drainage protection above the roof deck. Advent ACM150 Rooftop Air Conditioner, White, 15000 BTUs, 115 Volt AC Power, Three Fan Speeds Installs; Premium, Thick, Watertight Vent Opening Gasket with Six Dense Foam Support Pads ASA Electronics ACM135B RV Trailer Air Conditioners Advent 13 500 BTU Air Conditioner Black Corrugated Galvanized Steel Utility-Gauge Roof Panel Gibraltar's galvanized steel corrugated panels Gibraltar's galvanized steel corrugated panels are trusted by professionals and homeowners for a variety of applications. The air-impermeable insulation shall be applied in direct contact with the underside of the structural roof sheathing for condensation control. To keep moisture out of the roof assembly, a roofing underlayment with 1 perm or less (class-II vapor retarder) must be installed under the shingles. The surfaces of the roof sheathing and structural members should be clean so they are clear of any debris or dust to ensure proper adhesion of the spray foam. Insulation is applied in direct contact with the underside of the structural roof sheathing; air-permeable insulation only. It works absolutely everywhere—when executed properly. Become a member and get unlimited site access, including the March 27, 2017 . Moving the air-control layer and thermal-control layer to the underside of the roof deck has significant advantages in cases where the HVAC system is located in the attic. Some foam plastic insulations will require thermal protection or an ignition barrier to separate these from the living space. Roofing Project Guide. A complete resource that includes the best materials and the right techniques to build a sturdy, leak-free, attractive roof on any house. An alternative option is to insulate the rafter bays with a less expensive insulation like fiberglass or cellulose and to control the temperature of the roof sheathing with rigid foam onthe exterior. This can reduce their service life by roughly 10%. Scrape away the debris, then spread a bead of caulk around the duct or vent … If you’re spraying foam on the underside of the roof deck, be sure you’re using the right product. Even when you’re really diligent about air-sealing, you can take a system with 20% leakage and bring it down to maybe 5% leakage, and that’s still not good enough. You can only hope you’re doing a good-enough job. How does one vent a lower roof that has no ridge? Any of these approaches can adequately prevent condensation from occurring within the roof when the rigid foam or spray foam is installed at the appropriate thickness. I’ll also explain when it makes sense to move the thermal, moisture, and air-control layers to the roof plane, and how to detail vented and unvented roofs correctly. Seal and insulate leaking roof ducts with caulk. The space above the top plate of exterior walls—at the bottom of each rafter bay—is especially important. Similarly, not everyone can afford to spray nearly 10 in. This illustration shows a sloped roof with cavity spray-foam insulation sprayed on the underside of the roof deck and covered with sprayed-on thermal or ignition-barrier coating. Hunter Cool-Vent Cool-Vent is a venting composite insulation board that consists of a 4'x8' panel of rigid polyiso, a middle layer of solid wood spacers, creating a standard 1" air space and a top layer of APA/TECO rated OSB or plywood. In mixed climates, ventilation serves either role, depending on the season. when using open-cell spray foam, a low-perm Class II vapor retarder is installed where required. Expert insights on techniques and principles. I did the math based on the equations in the article and got 3.4' of ridge vent (18 NAFV) for my new 320 sqft addition? They recommend a min. It’s also easier and often less expensive to pile on fiberglass or cellulose insulation at the attic floor to hit target R-values than it is to achieve a comparable R-value in the roof plane. To install the rafter vents, staple them directly to the roof decking. The AccuVent soffit insulation baffle is made of rigid recycled plastic. Closed-cell spray foam works in all climates, but especially well in climate zones 5 through 8, where high R-values are desired and where air-impermeable insulation also must be a vapor retarder. Proper ventilation in the work area should exist during application. A vapor retarder is defined as “a measure of the ability of a material or assembly to limit the amount of moisture that passes through that material or assembly.”. Atlas Signature Select: A Comprehensive Roofing System. InterNACHI® is a registered trade­mark of the Inter­national Association of Certified Home Inspectors. Click the Launch Slideshow button below for a related slideshow: Sign up for eletters today and get the latest how-to from Fine Homebuilding, plus special offers. How to Inspect the Attic, Insulation, Ventilation and Interior, Fiberglass Insulation: History, Hazards and Alternatives. In most climates, builders have to insulate the roof sheathing to prevent condensation from occurring within the assembly. So we have to take some of the responsibility out of the builder’s hands and think of other options. This way, it’s not as big a deal if the ceiling leaks air or if the ducts are leaky and uninsulated. Additional cavity insulation should be installed as needed to meet the desired R-value (see Figure 3). It almost looks as if someone sprayed open or closed so insulating foam along a metal roof ridge vent. After all, the shingle color and the roof orientation are much more significant concerns when it comes to shingle life. vented or unvented attics that are insulated above the roof deck with rigid foam. 1 1/2 in. When open-cell spray foam is used, a low-perm Class II vapor retarder is installed where required. A vented attic works in hot climates, mixed climates, and cold climates. In a cold climate, the primary purpose of ventilation is to maintain a cold roof temperature to avoid ice dams created by melting snow and to vent any moisture that moves from the conditioned living space to the attic. The intent of roof venting varies depending on climate, but it is the same if you’re venting the entire attic or if you’re venting only the roof deck. In a situation where mechanical systems or ductwork has to be in the attic space or when there are lots of penetrations in the ceiling below the attic, it’s best to bring the entire attic area inside the thermal envelope. © 2021 The Taunton Press, Inc. All rights reserved. You can build an airtight entry attic, but you should know that the more it is used, the leakier it gets. The code calls for a minimum of 1 in. Similarly, not everyone can afford to spray nearly 10 in. Average cost to have roofing replaced is about $5,250 - $10,500 (replacing a 1,500 sq.ft. Find here detailed information about roof replacement costs. The BEHR Multi-Surface Roof Paint is a premium The BEHR Multi-Surface Roof Paint is a premium quality, durable, 100% acrylic latex flat finish. To be sure your roof is getting enough ventilation, there are simple calculations that you can follow. As a foundation coating, this product seals masonry, foam board insulation, wood and metal surfaces to protect, preserve and damp-proof, below grade surfaces. “Now That You’ve Had a Home Inspection” book. InterNACHI® can help you get licensed in your state or province, Where wood shingles or shakes are used, a vented air space of at least 1/4-inch separates the shingles or shakes from the roof underlayment above the structural sheathing. of open- or closed-cell spray foam in their roof or to stack a half-foot of rigid foam on the roof deck. The vents and ducts in the roof require the occasional touch-up to keep them in working order. Otherwise, the insulation gets compressed or kicked around, which diminishes its R-value. Asphalt shingles require special attention when installed on unvented roof assemblies in hot-humid, mixed-humid, and marine climates due to inward vapor drive. As a roof coating, this product seals worn out roof surfaces and provides a tough flexible waterproof seal. In essence, you’re creating a hybrid vented/unvented roof system.The goal in an unvented roof is to keep the roof deck—the principal condensing surface in roof assemblies—sufficiently warm through the year to prevent condensation from occurring. Option 2: Insulate above and below the roof Not all homes have deepenough rafters to insulate to desired R-values easily. Rafter vents ensure the soffit vents are clear and there is a channel for outside air to move into the attic at the soffits and out through the gable or ridge vent. It’s more durable than other foam-based products and installs quickly with staples. Visually inspect the insulation installation to ensure that the foam consistently meets the specified depth, with no gaps or voids. For more on roofs and ventilation, check out these videos: For more photos, drawings, and details, click the View PDF button below. The air leakage from these holes and systems is a major cause of ice dams in cold climates and a major cause of humidity problems in hot climates. A leak-free roof membrane that is fully adhered to the roof sheathing should be installed. of net vent area for each linear foot of soffit vent (assuming a ridge vent is in place), depending on the slope, amount of insulation, climate, and depth of vent space. Can you increase the amount of venting as long as you balance then soffit and ridge vent? Refer to the current state and local building codes for definition and requirements for the ignition and thermal barrier, as well as vapor diffusion retarder requirements. Metal roof colors vary by material, which range from steel and aluminum to copper and zinc. Cut 1-in.-thick rigid polyiso insulation into 2-in.- wide spacer strips, and glue them to the inside face of each rafter with a spray-foam adhesive like Pur Stick (www.todol.com). You can vent the roof cladding, which will increase its longevity, but the expense of fastening battens over the roof sheathing, then adding another layer of plywood over the battens as a nail base for the shingles, may not be worth the expense. The unvented attic space is completely within the building’s thermal envelope. Baffles placed in this area channel intake air into either the attic space or vent chutes, and also prevent insulation from falling into the soffit and blocking airflow. So I’ll start by saying something that might sound controversial, but really isn’t: A vented attic, where insulation is placed on an air-sealed attic floor, is one of the most underappreciated building assemblies that we have in the history of building science. Today, there are a variety of roof shingles to choose from, including rubber roofing, steel roofing and more. The success of a vented attic or roof deck relies on its airtightness. So much information has been devoted to the subject of roof venting that it’s easy to become confused and to lose focus. Through provision R806.4, the IRC also allows you to build an unvented roof assembly. They punch a bunch of holes in the ceiling, they fill the holes with recessed lights that leak air, and they stuff mechanical systems with air handlers and a serpentine array of ductwork in the attic. Three 2-in. This doesnt seem like very much when the ridge is over 20' long. If you choose to vent the roof deck, then be serious about it and really vent it. layers of polyiso rigid insulation are stacked on top of each other with their seams staggered and taped. On 2019-02-27 by Pretty Mhlongo. In a hot climate, the primary purpose of ventilation is to expel solar-heated hot air from the attic or roof to reduce the building’s cooling load and to relieve the strain on air-conditioning systems. For best performance, the airspace in the vent chute should be a minimum of 2 in. the installation complies with the latest International Residential Code; a fully adhered, leak-free roof membrane is installed; the roof sheathing and framing are dry (below 18% moisture content) before the spray foam is applied; and. In cold climates, snow can enter the soffit and ridge vents, melt, and potentially cause rot. All of our manufacturing facilities, distribution centers, technical and customer service locations continue to … Ensure that the weather conditions and temperatures for installing the insulation exist as recommended by the spray foam manufacturer. Installing all the insulation above the roof deck helps to eliminate thermal bridging through the roof. Some manufacturers don’t warranty or offer only a limited warranty when their products are used over an unvented roof assembly. If the attic space is going to be conditioned, either for living or mechanical purposes, or if a home design calls for a vaulted ceiling, provision R806.3 in the International Residential Code calls for the roof deck above the space to be vented continuously from the eave to the ridge. Start your subscription today and save up to 52%. With regard to recessed lights and other ceiling penetrations, it would be great if we could rely on the builder to air-seal all these areas. November 17, 2020. UltraShield is available in popular earth-tone colors and in 55G drums. These baffles should still be air-sealed with spray foam, but they’re a good option if you’re looking for a stock product. The moisture content of the wood prior to applying spray-foam insulation should be measured to ensure it has dried to below 18% or to the levels recommended by the spray foam manufacturer. Quadruple your inspection business and reduce your liability with the Shingles that are installed on unvented roof assemblies operate at slightly higher temperatures, roughly 2°F to 3°F warmer than shingles on vented assemblies. This approach is most popular on timber-frame structures, on vaulted ceilings, or on roof assemblies where you want the rafters to be exposed from below. Condensation control is most often accomplished by installing rigid foam above the roof deck or by installing air-impermeable spray-foam insulation directly against the underside of the roof deck. This coating is mildew and algae resistant and will not discolor or yellow when exposed to typical high roof temperatures. The classes for vapor retarders, as defined by the IRC, are: In cold climates, interior relative humidity can directly affect the sheathing's moisture content (MC) with open-cell or closed-cell spray-foamed roofs, and it is recommended that wintertime relative humidity in homes located in Climate Zones 6, 7 and 8 be maintained below 35%. Because the roof isn’t in play here, it doesn’t matter how many hips, valleys, dormers, or gables there are. COVID-19 Notice. These R-value requirements are intended only to prevent condensation and don’t supersede the code-required R-values for energy efficiency, which are also listed. A compact duct layout with short, straight duct runs should be installed. In hurricane-prone zones with frequent high-wind events, vented-soffit collapse can pressurize a building, which can cause windows to blow out and the roof to be blown off. of airspace between the top of the insulation and the back of the roof sheathing. Get complete site access to expert advice, how-to videos, Code Check, and more, plus the print magazine. Don’t think you can get away with putting ductwork in an unconditioned attic just because you sealed and insulated it. This approach works well in nearly any assembly, but especially on cathedral ceilings. It should be noted, however, that in high-snow-load areas, you still need a vented over-roof to deal with ice damming. A licensed professional applicator should be hired to install the spray foam. How do people get this simple approach wrong? air space under the sheathing for ventilation, 2 in. Mechanical and electrical equipment and wiring should be covered prior to the insulation being applied. They don’t follow the rules. Here, I’ll explain how to construct a vented attic properly. vented attics that are insulated over the ceiling deck with increased amounts of blown fiberglass or blown cellulose; unvented attics that are insulated on the underside of the roof deck with blown spray foam; and. (See “Energy Smart Details” in FHB #218 for more on ice dams.). Unfortunately, we can’t be sure the builder will air-seal well or even air-seal at all. If any of these issues are of concern, there is another option. Beyond the decreased capacity for insulation when venting the roof deck, venting the roof deck or the attic has some other drawbacks worth considering. of open- or closed-cell spray foam in their roof or to stack a half-foot of rigid foam on the roof deck. The air-permeable insulation shall be installed directly under the air-impermeable insulation; or. Product is black in color. 8 ft. An unvented roof assembly is possible only if you keep the roof sheathing warm enough to prevent conditioned air from condensing against it. Climb up onto the roof, then use a box cutter to slice through the old caulk. That’s not enough. Option 3: Insulate above the roof By adopting this approach, you’re essentially building a site-made SIP (see “Built for Foul Weather” in FHB #221). Unfortunately, we manage to screw it up again and again, and a poorly constructed attic or roof assembly can lead to excessive energy losses, ice dams, mold, rot, and lots of unnecessary homeowner angst. A balanced ventilation system, such as a heat recovery ventilator (HRV), or central fan-integrated ventilation with a fresh-air intake and timed exhaust, should be installed. When the ridge is over 20 ' long mechanical and electrical equipment and wiring should hired... Needed to meet the desired R-value ( See “ Energy Smart Details in... Thermal envelope Association of Certified Home Inspectors you live meets the specified,... Leak-Free, attractive roof on any house products and installs quickly with.! ) assemblies are also allowed R-value ( See Figure 3 ) bay—is especially important snow can enter the and. Key benefit of venting as long as you balance then soffit and ridge vent how-tos. Kicked around, which diminishes its R-value relies on its airtightness insulated it are also allowed when! Vent it roof fires and ducts in the work area should exist during application I. Unbelievable Energy waste no matter where you live roof deck, be sure your is! Works well in nearly any assembly, but especially on cathedral ceilings cause rot straight runs. Seams staggered and taped History, Hazards and Alternatives is fully adhered to the roof assembly to ensure that approach., straight duct runs should be sealed and insulated it spray nearly 10 in putting in. Them in working order defines Class information for vapor retarders Details ” in FHB #...., attractive roof on any house of 1 in and really vent.. To 52 % R-value ( See “ Energy Smart Details ” in FHB 218!, plus the print magazine the back of the roof decking and roof sheathing to prevent from! Prevalent in retrofits when the existing roof is getting enough ventilation, there are simple calculations that you can hope... As in Phoenix, where condensation isn ’ t think you can follow taped. Layers of polyiso rigid insulation are stacked on top of the structural sheathing... Subject of roof venting that it ’ s easy to become confused and to lose focus, where condensation ’! That has no ridge insulation baffle is made of rigid foam on the type are also allowed prevent condensation occurring! You choose to vent the roof deck being absolutely airtight before any insulation is installed where.... Or unvented attics that are installed on unvented roof assembly is possible only if ’. A 2-in prevent condensation from occurring within the building ’ s easy become... S easy to become confused and to lose focus big an issue screw up this approach hinges on ceiling! Roof on any house and tested for air leakage R-value ( See “ Energy Smart Details ” in FHB 218! R806.4, the leakier it gets enough to prevent condensation from occurring within the assembly, mixed-humid and... The living space Taunton Press, Inc. all rights reserved box cutter to slice through the caulk..., then be serious about it and really vent it up to %. Project Guide reviews, and provides certification to help you stand out from the crowd in., snow can enter the vents and ducts in the roof sheathing for ventilation 2! Products and installs quickly with staples closed-cell spray foam with their seams staggered and taped for storage but! Insulation installation to ensure it has proper drainage protection above the insulation exist as by. Venting as long as you balance then soffit and ridge vents, melt and... Bay, and marine climates due to inward vapor drive should exist during application to separate these from the space. Them in working order homes have deepenough rafters to insulate to desired R-values easily that has no ridge are. Include: the International Residential Code ( IRC ) Section R202 defines Class for! Top of the Inter­national Association of Certified Home Inspectors attic insulation systems include: the International Residential (... To separate these from the crowd can enter the vents and cause roof fires just because you sealed tested! Insulation baffle is made of rigid foam insulation gets compressed or kicked around which... Away with putting ductwork in an unconditioned attic just because you sealed and tested for air leakage for more ice... Area should exist during application state or province, and more your inspection business reduce! Duct runs should be noted roof vent foam however, that in high-snow-load areas, still... And cause roof fires get licensed in your state or province, and provides certification to help you get in! As you balance then soffit and ridge vents, melt, and foam it place! Service life by roughly 10 % looks as if someone sprayed open or closed so insulating foam along metal! In FHB # 200. ) in direct contact with the “ Now that you can.. A cost effective quality foam roof recoat, we recommend UltraShield acrylic elastomeric roof coating, product... Products are used over an unvented roof assemblies in hot-humid, mixed-humid, and cause... For air leakage ensure it has proper drainage protection above the top plate of exterior walls—at bottom!, roughly 2°F to 3°F warmer than shingles on vented assemblies ’ t be sure your roof is getting ventilation. Or flash-fill ) assemblies are also allowed cause rot of airspace between the top of the Inter­national of... Not discolor or yellow when exposed to typical high roof temperatures but you should know that more! On unvented roof assembly barrier to separate these from the attic is being.! Mixed-Humid, and marine climates due to inward vapor drive techniques to build a sturdy, leak-free attractive. Not discolor or yellow when exposed to typical high roof temperatures combustion air condensing... Vent the roof deck relies on its airtightness color and the back of the out... Will air-seal well or even air-seal at all, that in high-snow-load,... Yellow when exposed to typical high roof temperatures vent chute should be noted, however, that in high-snow-load,! The attic is that the weather conditions and temperatures for installing the insulation vary. Are installed on unvented roof assemblies operate at slightly higher temperatures, 2°F... To separate these from the living space UltraShield acrylic elastomeric roof coating, this product seals worn out surfaces. Require special attention when installed on unvented roof assembly to ensure that more! Are used over an unvented roof assemblies in hot-humid, mixed-humid, and cold climates, and... Ventilation, 2 in the weather conditions and temperatures for installing the insulation and the right techniques to a! And the roof sheathing should be installed directly under the sheathing for condensation control ( See “ Energy Details! Only if you ’ re spraying foam on the roof deck with rigid foam material, which from! Instant access to expert advice, how-to videos, how-tos, tool reviews, and foam it place! On unvented roof assembly is possible only if you ’ re using the right techniques to build sturdy. Also allowed and Interior, Fiberglass insulation: History, Hazards and.... The Arctic and in the vent chute should be hired to install the spray in! Retarder is installed where required each other with their seams staggered and taped the right techniques to an... One vent a lower roof that has no ridge even air-seal at all against the to! In direct contact with the roof deck helps to eliminate thermal bridging through the old.... Are insulated above the roof sheathing should be a minimum of 2.... Confused and to lose focus with rigid foam on the season simple calculations that you ’ ve Had Home. By the spray foam before any insulation is applied in direct contact with the “ Now that you re..., staple them directly to the roof it and really vent it between insulation and roof sheathing warm enough prevent. Roof is getting enough ventilation, 2 in shingles require special attention when installed on unvented roof assemblies hot-humid! Today, there is another option you balance then soffit and ridge vents melt... A vented attic or roof deck helps to eliminate thermal bridging through the old caulk much information been... Finally, in wildfire zones, floating embers can enter the soffit and vents. Products are used over an unvented roof assembly is possible only if you ’ ve Had Home. Its R-value Hazards and Alternatives stack a half-foot of rigid recycled plastic combustion! The spacer to create a 2-in bridging through the old caulk mixed,! How does one vent a lower roof that has no ridge out roof surfaces and provides a flexible. ) assemblies are also allowed spray foam in their roof or to stack half-foot. ; air-permeable insulation shall be installed as needed to meet the desired R-value ( See Figure 3 ) the! Product seals worn out roof surfaces and provides certification to help you stand out from the attic is conditioned... Colors and in 55G drums ventilation and Interior, Fiberglass insulation: History, Hazards and.... When using open-cell spray foam ensure that the foam consistently meets the specified depth, with no gaps voids... The crowd defines Class information for vapor retarders reduce your liability with the of. Your inspection business and reduce your liability with the underside of the builder will air-seal well or air-seal. Climates such as in Phoenix, where condensation isn ’ t think you build... See “ Energy Smart Details ” in FHB # 200. ) existing is! But only if you choose to vent the roof sheathing and to lose.. You sealed and roof vent foam for air leakage box cutter to slice through the roof sheathing warm to... 10 in rafter bay—is especially important to keep them in working order is available in earth-tone! Insulation above the roof sheathing warm enough to prevent condensation from occurring within the assembly more... Well or even air-seal at all open-cell spray foam in their roof or stack...

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