We conclude this unit by drawing your attention to the sustainable livelihoods (SL) approach to development. The project targets 22 rural communities with an estimated population of 180,000 people. This approach is influenced by many of the themes that we have already looked at in this unit, including those of integrated rural development, basic needs, participation and sustainable development. One has a narrower economic focus on production, employment and household income. It does not replace other tools, such as participatory development, sector-wide approaches, or integrated rural development. The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. The sustainable livelihoods framework in 3.1.1 is an effort to conceptualise livelihoods in a holistic way, capturing the many complexities of livelihoods, and the constraints and opportunities that they are subjected to. As analysts point out, there are two broad approaches to defining livelihoods. The term reflects a concern with extending the focus of poverty studies beyond the physical manifestations of poverty to include also vulnerability and social exclusion. Conducted in partnership with the public and private sectors. A wide range of alternative income sources needs to be explored, understood and promoted, including rural enterprise development, collection of medicinal plants and other herbs, tourism, wage labor and remittance work. It helps formulate development activities that are. If material is not included in the chapter’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Poverty-focused development activity should be: SL approaches must be underpinned by a commitment to poverty eradication. Although they can, in theory, be applied to work with any stakeholder group, an implicit principle for DFID is that activities should be designed to maximise livelihood benefits for the poor. [7] These had been found to be too narrow because they focused only on certain aspects or manifestations of poverty, such as low income, or did not consider other vital aspects of poverty such as vulnerability and social exclusion. For example, they can be very helpful in looking at the vulnerability of the poor to climate change and high food prices, at their resilience and ability to adapt, and at ways in which policies can help reduce vulnerability. The sustainable livelihoods approach improves understanding of the livelihoods of the poor. In particular, the sustainable livelihoods approach stresses the importance of understanding institutions by mapping the institutional framework and linking the micro to the macro and the formal to the informal Therefore, it calls for a new style of policy appraisal that moves from universal prescriptions to context-specific approaches that allow alternative, local perspectives to reveal themselves in the policy framework. Our approach is to: Work on rehabilitation to increase … SL approaches have their limitations too, especially in terms of their ability to look at how livelihoods link together at the national or even global level and in identifying sector-wide or economy-wide solutions to poverty. It compels them to look for multiple entry points and to move beyond a homogenous “community” view and a narrow sectoral perspective. But its demand has remained largely unmet. Find out more. It helps formulate development activities that are. Beginning with livelihood and food security, our partners support female entrepreneurs and challenge gender norms through non-traditional livelihood options. It must also be made appropriate to local circumstances and local priorities. However, measuring livelihood resilience is a difficult task, and practical methods to measure livelihood resilience, as well as analyze and visualize the data are needed. 'A livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets (including both material and social resources) and activities required for a means of living. 4.2.1 lists a set of guiding principles adopted by DFID in its support for sustainable livelihoods. Financial capital tends to be the least available livelihood asset of the poor. It is based on evolving thinking about the way the poor and vulnerable live their lives and the importance of policies and institutions. They provide a way of conceptualising key influences on the livelihoods of poor people, including their vulnerability, their access to assets, and the various factors that influence what they can achieve with these assets. Human capital , e.g., health, nutrition, education, knowledge and skills, capacity to work, capacity to adapt, Social capital, e.g., networks and connections (patronage, neighborhoods, kinship), relations of trust and mutual understanding and support, formal and informal groups, shared values and behaviors, common rules and sanctions, collective representation, mechanisms for participation in decision-making, leadership, Natural capital, e.g., land and produce, water and aquatic resources, trees and forest products, wildlife, wild foods and fibers, biodiversity, environmental services, Physical capital , e.g., infrastructure (transport, roads, vehicles, secure shelter and buildings, water supply and sanitation, energy, communications), tools and technology (tools and equipment for production, seed, fertilizer, pesticides, traditional technology), Financial capital,1 e.g., savings, credit and debt (formal, informal), remittances, pensions, wages, shocks, e.g., conflict, illnesses, floods, storms, droughts, pests, diseases, seasonalities, e.g., prices and employment opportunities, critical trends, e.g., demographic, environmental, economic, governance, and technological trends. This service is more advanced with JavaScript available, Knowledge Solutions Rice is their staple diet. Policy-determining structures cannot be effective in the absence of appropriate institutions and processes through which policies can be implemented. Indeed, it is because the poor lack it that the other types of capital are so important to them. A livelihood is sustainable when it can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks and maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets both now and in the future, while not undermining the natural resource base.'. It focuses on the livelihoods of poor people, the complexity of those livelihoods, and the associated opportunities and constraints. (i) Key definitions The term "Sustainable Livelihood" is used here to refer to a livelihood that can cope with and Sustainable livelihood is about meaningful work opportunities for all, especially young people, but also all aspects of what might be called quality of life at work, including for example work satisfaction, work/life balance and fair reward.. A sustainable community provides livelihood opportunities for local people that need them , especially young people. A livelihood is sustainable when it can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks and maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets both now and in the future, while not undermining natural resource bases. The livelihood assets, which the poor must often make trade-offs and choices about, comprise: Vulnerability is characterized as insecurity in the well-being of individuals, households, and communities in the face of changes in their external environment. Fig. The DFID defines a sustainable livelihood (SL) based on capabilities, assets (both material and social resources) and activities required for living. A livelihood is sustainable when it can cope with and recover from the stresses and shocks and maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets both now and in the future without undermining the natural resource base (Chambers & Conway). What exactly are these „sustainable livelihoods‟ that DFID intends to help create? The sustainable livelihoods approach improves understanding of the livelihoods of the poor. A livelihood is sustainable when it can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks, maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets, while not undermining the natural resource base. The Sustainable Livelihood Program is a capability- building program for poor, vulnerable and marginalized families and individuals in acquiring necessary assets to engage in and maintain thriving livelihoods that help improve their socio- economic conditions. A central notion is that different households have different access livelihood assets, which the sustainable livelihood approach aims to expand. The sustainable livelihoods approach facilitates the identification of practical priorities for actions that are based on the views and interests of those concerned but they are not a panacea. Five key elements of the Sustainable Livelihood Program is a community‐based program which provides capacity building to improve the program participants’ socio‐economic status. pp 21-26 | Box: The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework—Strengths and Weaknesses, Seeks to understand changing combinations of modes of livelihood in a dynamic and historical context, Underplays elements of the vulnerability context, such as macroeconomic trends and conflict, Explicitly advocates a creative tension between different levels of analysis and emphasizes the importance of macro- and microlinkages, Assumes that capital assets can be expanded in generalized and incremental fashion, Acknowledges the need to move beyond narrow sectoral perspectives and emphasizes seeing the linkages between sectors, Does not pay enough attention to inequalities of power, Calls for investigation of the relationships between different activities that constitute livelihoods and draws attention to social relations, Underplays the fact that enhancing the livelihoods of one group can undermine those of another. The main objective of sustainable livelihood approach is a method of analysing and changing the lives of people experiencing poverty to improve their lives. However, it makes the connection between people and the overall enabling environment that influences the outcomes of livelihood strategies. Its existence underlines the need to give choice and opportunities to the poor and build their ability to take advantage of these, and extend safety nets for those who still cannot achieve their livelihood objectives in a competitive environment. Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 IGO license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/igo/) which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the Asian Development Bank, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. A livelihood is said to be sustainable when it can cope with and recover from stresses and shocks to maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets both now and in the future. It represents an important shift away from the focus on project inputs and outputs and the assumed mechanical links between them. The sustainable livelihoods approach is a way of thinking about the objectives, scope, and priorities for development activities. The opinions expressed in this chapter are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Asian Development Bank, its Board of Directors, or the countries they represent. There is no quick fix for this problem. Household livelihood security. The Department for International Development's sustainable livelihoods approach Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. The SL approach has had a considerable influence upon the policies and strategies of a number of development agencies, notably the UK's Department for International Development (DFID), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and many non-governmental organisations (NGOs). Definition of livelihood from Oxford dictionary is “a means of securing the necessities of life”. (One of the many problems of development is that projects and programs, while favoring some, can disadvantage others.2) Potential livelihood outcomes can include more income, increased well-being, reduced vulnerability, improved food security, more sustainable use of the natural resource base, and recovered human dignity, between which there may again also be conflict. The concept of sustainable livelihoods is a reference point for a wide range of people involved in different aspects of development policy formulation and planning. A livelihood is sustainable when it enables people to cope with and recover from shocks and stresses (such as natural disasters and economic or social upheavals) and enhance their well-being and that of future generations without undermining the natural environment or resource base. The Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP) is a social program of the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) for families and communities. Sustainable livelihood emerges at the intersection of development and environmental studies to offer a new way to think about work, especially the work of vulnerable populations. It is based on evolving thinking about the way the poor and vulnerable live their lives and the importance of policies and institutions. The sustainable livelihoods approach encourages thinking out of the box. The sustainable livelihoods approach is a way of thinking about the objectives, scope, and priorities for development activities. It invites them to look at contexts and relationships so that development activities can become more process-oriented. Processes embrace the laws, regulations, policies, operational arrangements, agreements, societal norms, and practices that, in turn, determine the way in which structures operate. © 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Any dispute related to the use of the works of the Asian Development Bank that cannot be settled amicably shall be submitted to arbitration pursuant to the UNCITRAL rules. In this paper, I introduce the Household Livelihood Resilience Approach (HLRA), which draws from the sustainable livelihoods approach and it’s five capital assets to measure resilience. The term sustainable refers to an individual's … The vulnerability context includes, ADB (2004) Future solutions now—the tonle sap initiative. This Entry has been submitted. 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